时间:2024-07-15 11:13:54
SCI论文中的讨论部分该怎么写?
确实,要写好讨论部分并非易事。它需要你将研究结果与已知文献结论进行深入的对比分析,这无疑需要丰富的知识积累。讨论部分的真正目的,是通过这种对比分析,凸显你的研究的创新性和合理性。
在正式撰写讨论之前,你可以问自己以下6个问题,以确保逻辑自洽,讨论的全面深入:
我的假设是正确的吗?
如果我的假设只是部分正确,或者与已发表的文献结论完全不同,那么从我的结果中实际能推断出什么结论?
先前的研究对该主题已有哪些发现?我的结论如何改变或补充了该领域的现有知识?
为什么我的结果对该领域很重要?这些结果是否为科学共识增添了新的证据,或者反驳了先前的研究?
在我的研究基础上,未来的研究将如何进行?哪些关键实验是必须要进行的?
你最希望给读者留下哪个结论点的深刻印象?
关于讨论部分的框架结构:
通常,首段会再次总结论文的主要结果,并强调其意义。紧接着的2-5段,会结合已知文献逐一讨论对比每个结果,无论是相似还是相反,都会分析其原因。最后,会讨论本研究的局限性和优势。而在结论(Conclusion)部分,会再次总结本研究的主要贡献及意义。
讨论部分容易犯的错误有以下四点:
引入结果部分没有提到的新结论或证据。记住,讨论部分提到的所有结果必须在“结果(Results)”部分已经呈现过,不能在讨论部分引入新的结论。
对局限性或负面结果避而不谈。局限性和负面结果能让读者了解你的研究课题的全貌,是对你论文结果未涉及部分或不完美部分的有益补充,审稿人也会很关注这部分内容。
“局限性(Limitations)”部分的撰写推翻了你的方法或结果部分的陈述。即使你的研究存在重大局限性,也不能以己之矛攻己之盾,推翻你自己的结果,否则论文将很难站得住脚。
夸大你的研究的重要性。对于你的研究如何充分解决重大问题做出过于宏大的陈述,会引起审稿人和读者的质疑。毕竟学术研究还是更提倡实事求是,有凭有据。
以下是一些讨论部分的例句模板:
总结本研究结果:
This study has identified …
The research has also shown that …
These experiments confirmed that …
This study has found that generally …
The investigation of X has shown that …
和以往研究进行对比分析:
支持过往研究结果:
This study confirms that X is associated with …
This finding is consistent with that of Smith (2000) who …
Comparison of the findings with those of other studies confirms …
This also accords with our earlier observations, which showed that …
These results corroborate the findings of a great deal of the previous work in …
In accordance with the present results, previous studies have demonstrated that …
Consistent with the literature, this research found that participants who reported using X also …
和过往研究结果相反:
This study has been unable to demonstrate that …
However, this result has not previously been described.
This outcome is contrary to that of Smith et al. (2001) who found …
This finding is contrary to previous studies which have suggested that …
In contrast to earlier findings, however, no evidence of X was detected.
The yields in this investigation were higher compared to those of other studies.
However, the findings of the current study do not support the previous research.
讨论本研究的局限性:
This current study is limited by the absence of …/the possible effect of …/the fact that it only surveyed …/by the fact that it was restricted to …
The most important limitation lies in the fact that …
The main weakness of this study was the paucity of …
未来研究展望:
A further study with more focus on X is therefore suggested.
There is abundant room for further progress in determining …
Future studies on the current topic are therefore recommended.
Further work is needed to develop reliable analytical methods for …
To develop a full picture of X, additional studies will be needed that …
In future investigations, it might be possible to use a different X in which …
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